Aspects of this topic are discussed in the following places at Britannica.
Kretschmer’s epochal study of pre-Greek elements in ancient Greek was his Einleitung in die Geschichte der griechischen Sprache (1896; “Introduction to the History of the Greek Language”). Comparing Greek place-names with their foreign counterparts in ancient Anatolia, he concluded that a non-Greek, Mediterranean culture had preceded the Greeks there, leaving extensive...
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