Aspects of this topic are discussed in the following places at Britannica.
This must provide dates for Full Moons throughout the year, and for this a lunar cycle like the Metonic cycle was originally used. Tables were prepared, again using the range of dates on which Easter Sunday could appear, and against each date a number from one through 19 was placed. This number indicated which of the 19 years of the lunar cycle would give a Full Moon on that day. From medieval...
The eclipses of the Sun and the Moon occur at new moon and full moon, respectively, so that one basic time period involved in the occurrence of eclipses is the synodic month—i.e., the interval between successive new moons, as seen from Earth.
...to the pattern of maria and highlands. As the Moon passes through its phases, the terminator moves slowly across the Moon’s disk, its long shadows revealing the relief of mountains and craters. At full moon the relief disappears, replaced by the contrast between lighter and darker surfaces. Though the full moon is brilliant at night, the Moon is actually a dark object, reflecting only a few...
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