the sequences of enzyme-catalyzed reactions by which relatively complex molecules are formed in living cells from nutrients with relatively simple structures. Anabolic processes, which include the synthesis of such cell components as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, require energy in the form of energy-rich compounds (e.g., adenosine triphosphate) that are produced during breakdown processes (see catabolism). In growing cells, anabolic processes dominate over catabolic ones; in nongrowing cells, a balance exists between the two.
Family-relationships-in-amino-acid-biosynthesesFigure 10: Family relationships in amino-acid biosyntheses. Components of proteins are underlined. …
Catabolism-and-biosynthesis-of-glucose-and-glycogenFigure 9: Catabolism and biosynthesis of glucose and glycogen. At left, reactions peculiar to …
Biosynthesis-of-purine-nucleotidesFigure 11: Biosynthesis of purine nucleotides. Not all of the intermediate compounds formed are …
Major-pathways-involved-in-the-biosynthesis-of-steroid-hormonesFigure 5: Major pathways involved in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones.[Credits : Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]
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