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The unique gene pool of the Amazon Rainforest, with perhaps two-thirds of the known organisms of the world, is threatened by continuing deforestation. Particular emphasis has been placed on the threat to biodiversity and the possible loss of as yet unknown and unexploited pharmaceuticals contained in the forest. Finally, also at stake is the survival of many of the region’s indigenous peoples,...
...of evolution—i.e., a population of actually or potentially interbreeding individuals. Such a population shares, through interbreeding, its genetic resources. In so doing, it creates the gene pool—its total genetic material—that determines the biological resources of the species and on which natural selection continuously acts. This approach has guided work on classifying...
...eloquently documented by two contemporary American evolutionists, Theodosius Dobzhansky and Ernst Mayer, that the species is the basic unit of evolution. The process of speciation occurs as a gene pool breaks up to form isolated gene pools. When selection pressures similar to those of the original gene pool persist in the new gene pools, similar functions and the similar structures on...
The gene pool is the sum total of all the genes and combinations of genes that occur in a population of organisms of the same species. It can be described by citing the frequencies of the alternative genetic constitutions. Consider, for example, a particular gene (which geneticists call a locus), such as the one determining the MN blood groups in humans. One form of the gene codes for the M...
in evolution: A model of speciation )...starts when gene flow is somehow interrupted between two populations. It is necessary that gene flow be interrupted, because otherwise the two groups of individuals would still share in a common gene pool and fail to become genetically different. Interruption may be due to geographic separation, or it may be initiated by some genetic change that affects some individuals of the species but...
It was already known that these superiorities of such heterozygotes would ensure the preservation of both sets of genes in the population. Dobzhansky pointed out that newly arisen genes are rare at first and that an individual is exceedingly unlikely to receive such a gene from both parents. Hence, in the beginning, the only genes that can “get ahead” and become more widespread in...
Interbreeding only within the species is of great importance for evolution in that individuals of one species share a common gene pool that members of other species do not. Within a single pool there is always a certain amount of variation among individuals, and those whose genetic variations leave them at a disadvantage in a particular environment tend to be eliminated in favour of those with...
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