horse Heavy breedsmammal

The horses used for heavy loads and farm labour descended from the ancient war horses of the Middle Ages. These breeds—including the English Shire (the world’s largest horse), Suffolk, and Clydesdale; the French Percheron; the Belgian horse; the German Noriker; and the Austrian Pinzgauer—are now little used for their original purpose, having been almost entirely replaced by the tractor. They usually measure well over 16 hands high, some more than 19 hands. They are of all colours, sometimes spotted, and generally have a very calm temperament.

Selected breeds of heavy horses
	name	origin	height (hands)*	aptitude	characteristics	comments
	Belgian, also called Brabant	Belgium	15.3–17	heavy draft, farm work	broad and powerful; small, square head; short, heavy neck with sloping shoulders; short back with well-rounded, massive hindquarters; the American Belgian is typically chestnut and sorrel with a flaxen mane and tail	ancient breed; matures quickly; long-lived
	Clydesdale	Scotland	16.1–18	heavy draft, farm work	lighter build than most heavy breeds; fine head with long, well-arched neck; withers higher than croup; lower legs are heavily feathered	noted for the soundness of its legs and feet; noted for high-stepping gait
	Percheron	France	16	draft, farm work	typically gray or black in colour; fine head with broad forehead; wide chest with prominent breastbone; no feathering on legs	ancient breed; heavily influenced by Arabian breed; long and low action distinguishes it from other heavy breeds
	Shire	England	17 (sometimes reaching 19)	heavy draft, farm work	convex profile; relatively long neck; long, sloping shoulders; short back with sloping croup; legs heavily feathered below the knee	world’s largest horse; descended from England’s "great horse," the massive charger used in medieval jousting tournaments
*1 hand = 4 inches (10.16 cm)