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  • Nárcisz és Psyché (film)
    ...film, Az amerikai anzix (1975; “The Postcard from America”), won several prizes. In 1980 Bódy completed his avant-garde masterpiece, Nárcisz és Psyché (“Narcissus and Psyche”). Based on Hungarian poet Sándor Weöres’s Psyché (1972), an anthology of le...
  • narcolepsy (sleep disturbance)
    a sleep disturbance that is characterized by sudden, uncontrollable spells of sleep during the day, with disturbances of sleep at night....
  • Narcomedusae (cnidarian suborder)
    ...by having tentacles inserted above umbrellar margin. Oceanic, mostly warmer waters.Suborder LaingiomedusaeMedusae with features of both Narcomedusae and Trachymedusae. Polyp unknown.Suborder NarcomedusaeScalloped margin; gonads on stomach walls. Manubrium......
  • narcotic (drug)
    drug that produces analgesia (pain relief), narcosis (state of stupor or sleep), and addiction (physical dependence on the drug). In some people narcotics also produce euphoria (a feeling of great elation). A brief treatment of narcotics follows. For full treatment, see drug use....
  • narcotic addiction
    drug that produces analgesia (pain relief), narcosis (state of stupor or sleep), and addiction (physical dependence on the drug). In some people narcotics also produce euphoria (a feeling of great elation). A brief treatment of narcotics follows. For full treatment, see drug use.......
  • narcotic analgesic (drug)
    drug that produces analgesia (pain relief), narcosis (state of stupor or sleep), and addiction (physical dependence on the drug). In some people narcotics also produce euphoria (a feeling of great elation). A brief treatment of narcotics follows. For full treatment, see drug use....
  • Narcotic Drugs, Commission on (UN)
    The Commission on Narcotic Drugs was authorized by the General Assembly in 1946 to assume the functions of the League of Nations Advisory Committee on Traffic in Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs. In addition to reestablishing the pre-World War II system of narcotics control, which had been disrupted by the war, the United Nations addressed new problems resulting from the development of synthetic......
  • narcotic maintenance (psycho-physiology)
    ...question dictates the position one will take in regard to addiction therapy. In general, the addict can be given his drug, he can be placed on a substitute drug, or drugs can be barred from him. Narcotic maintenance, which gives the addict his drug, is the system employed in the management of opiate dependence in England. Methadone treatment is a drug substitution therapy that replaces......
  • Nardelli, Robert (American business executive)
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  • Nardelli, Robert Louis (American business executive)
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  • Nardi, Jacopo (Italian statesman)
    Florentine statesman and historian who wrote a history of Florence that sharply criticized the ruling Medici family....
  • Nardil (drug)
    The monoamine oxidase inhibitors—chiefly isocarboxazid, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine—in general are used only after treatment with tricyclic drugs has proved unsatisfactory, because these drugs’ side effects are unpredictable and their complex interactions are incompletely understood. The MAOs apparently achieve their effect by interfering with the action of monoamine oxida...
  • Nardini, Pietro (Italian composer)
    Italian violinist and composer, one of the most eminent violinists of the 18th century....
  • Nardò (Italy)
    town, Puglia (Apulia) regione, southeastern Italy, southwest of Lecce city. Originally the Roman city of Neretum, Nardò was both Byzantine and Norman; it has a 13th–14th-century cathedral in the Gothic style and an unusual circular chapel called the Osanna, dating from 1603. Examples of Baroque architecture in the town include the Church of San Domenico. Mod...
  • Nardo di Cione (Italian painter)
    The son of a goldsmith, Orcagna was the leading member of a family of painters, which included three younger brothers: Nardo (died 1365/66), Matteo, and Jacopo (died after 1398) di Cione. He matriculated in the Arte dei Medici e degli Speziali in 1343–44 and was admitted to the guild of stonemasons in 1352. In 1354 he contracted to paint an altarpiece for the Strozzi Chapel in the left......
  • Nardostachys jatamansi (Nardostachys jatamansi)
    ...is a perennial herb prized for its spicy, fragrant flowers; it is native in Europe and Western Asia. Its dried rhizome yields valerian, a natural sedative. Nardostachys grandiflora (spikenard) is a perennial herb of the Himalayas that produces an essential oil in its woody rhizomes....
  • Narekatzi, Gregory, Saint (Armenian poet)
    poet and theologian who is generally considered the first great Armenian poet and the principal literary figure in Armenia during the 10th century. He was renowned for his mystical poems and hymns, biblical commentaries, and sacred elegies. A major prose work was Commentary on the Song of Songs....
  • Narendranath Bhattacharya (Indian politician)
    leader of India’s Communists until independence in 1947....
  • Nares, Sir George Strong (British military officer)
    HMS Challenger, a wooden corvette of 2,306 tons, was commanded by Captain (later Sir) George Strong Nares, while Sir C. Wyville Thomson supervised the scientific staff. The expedition gathered observations from 362 stations and made 492 deep soundings and 133 dredgings. Among the results of the Challenger Expedition were determinations of oceanic temperature, ocean currents, and......
  • Naresuan (king of Siam)
    king of Siam (1590–1605), regarded as a national hero by the Thai people for having liberated the country from the Myanmar (Burmese)....
  • Narew River (river, Europe)
    east-bank tributary of the Vistula River that rises in western Belarus and flows into eastern Poland. The Narew River is 272 miles (438 km) long and drains an area of more than 10,800 square miles (28,000 square km). It rises in the Belovezhskaya Forest in western Belarus and flows westward through wooded plains and marshlands. After entering Poland it swings north near Bialystok before turning w...
  • Nargis (storm, 2008)
    On May 2, 2008, Cyclone Nargis, an extraordinarily strong tropical cyclone that had formed in the Bay of Bengal and quickly strengthened to a category 4 storm, made landfall in Myanmar (Burma) and throughout the night churned up the densely populated rice-growing region of the Irrawaddy River delta as far as Yangon (Rangoon), cutting a wide path of destruction...
  • Narian-Mar (Russia)
    inland port and capital of the Nenets autonomous okrug (district), Arkhangelsk oblast (region), northwestern Russia. It lies on the Pechora River 68 miles (110 km) from its mouth on the Arctic Ocean. Building commenced in the early 1930s in connection with the development of the Pechora coalfield in the Soviet First Five-Year Plan; the town was incorpo...
  • nariguera (ornament)
    ...Peru. On certain occasions the priests wore tunics made entirely of braided gold sheet applied to the cloth. One of the commonest ornaments worn by important personages and warriors was the nariguera, a gold ornament that was hooked to the nostrils and might be in the shape of a simple ring, a laminated disk, or an upside-down fan decorated with pierced work. The elite also wore......
  • Nariño (department, Colombia)
    departamento, southwestern Colombia, bounded by the Pacific Ocean on the west and Ecuador on the south. Its population is concentrated principally in the volcanic Andean highlands above 5,000 feet (1,500 m). The densely settled Altiplano (high plateau) of Túquerres-Ipiales, which is situated on the Ecuadoran frontier, is separated by the Guáitara River from ...
  • Nariokotome (archaeological site, Kenya)
    site in northern Kenya known for the 1984 discovery of a nearly complete skeleton of African Homo erectus (also called H. ergaster) dating to approximately 1.5 million years ago....
  • Narita (Japan)
    city, Chiba ken, central Honshu, Japan. It is located approximately 30 miles (50 km) east of Tokyo, on the Ryoso Plateau. Originally an agricultural region producing rice, peanuts (groundnuts), sweet potatoes, and other vegetables, Narita developed as a temple town of the Shinshō Temple, which is visited by millions of Buddhist pilgrims each year, thus generating a...
  • Närke (province, Sweden)
    landskap (province) lying mostly in the administrative län (county) of Örebro, south-central Sweden. It lies between the traditional landskap (provinces) of Västmanland on the north, Södermanland on the east, Östergötland on the southeast, Västergötland on the southwest, and Värmland on the west....
  • Narkomindel (Soviet government)
    ...courting recognition and assistance from those same powers. The first track was the responsibility of the Comintern (Third International) under Grigory Zinovyev and Karl Radek; the second, of the Narkomindel (foreign commissariat) directed from 1920 to 1930 by the timid and cultured prewar nobleman, Georgy Chicherin. The Comintern enjoyed direct access to the Politburo, whereas the......
  • Narmada River (river, India)
    river in central India, rising in the Maikala Range in east-central Madhya Pradesh state. Following a tortuous course through the hills of Mandla, it enters the structural trough between the Vindhya and Sātpura ranges at Marble Rocks Gorge and then flows westward across Madhya Pradesh and Gujarāt states, entering the Gulf of Cambay through an estuary 13 miles (21 km) wide, just below...
  • Narmada-Son trough (region, India)
    ...streams flowing into the valley of the Narmada River below. The escarpment appears from the south as an imposing range of mountains. The Narmada valley forms the western and principal portion of the Narmada-Son trough, a continuous depression running southwest-northeast, mostly at the base of the Vindhya Range, for about 750 miles (1,200 km)....
  • Narmer (king of Egypt)
    first king of unified Egypt, who, according to ancient tradition, joined Upper and Lower Egypt in a single, centralized monarchy. Manetho, a 3rd-century-bce Egyptian historian, called him Menes; the 5th-century-bce Greek historian Herodotus referred to him as Min; and two native-king lists of th...
  • Narmer Palette (ancient Egyptian sculpture)
    ...of earlier times. The impression is certainly one of an extraordinary efflorescence of civilization. Conquest, implicit in unification, is dramatically characterized in the scenes shown on the Narmer Palette (Egyptian Museum, Cairo), where Narmer, probably the founding king of dynastic Egypt, and better known as Menes, is depicted as the triumphant ruler (see photograph)....
  • Narni (Italy)
    town, Umbria regione, central Italy, situated on a hilltop above the Nera River. It originated as the Umbrian Nequinum (later Narnia, after the Roman conquest) and was the birthplace of Pope John XIII (10th century), the Roman emperor Nerva (1st century), and the condottiere Erasmo da Narni (15th century). The town’s ruined castle dates from the 14th century; the P...
  • Narnia (Italy)
    town, Umbria regione, central Italy, situated on a hilltop above the Nera River. It originated as the Umbrian Nequinum (later Narnia, after the Roman conquest) and was the birthplace of Pope John XIII (10th century), the Roman emperor Nerva (1st century), and the condottiere Erasmo da Narni (15th century). The town’s ruined castle dates from the 14th century; the P...
  • Naro-Fominsk (Russia)
    city and centre of a rayon (sector), Moscow oblast (province), western Russia, on the Nara River southwest of the capital. It was formed in 1926 from three villages and textile centres. The town Fominsk was totally destroyed in World War II but later reemerged with its cotton-based industries of the past replaced by a huge silk-weaving combine. Pop. (1994 est.) 60,000....
  • Naroch Lake (lake, Belarus)
    ...by a ship canal, thereby connecting the Baltic and Black seas. The rivers are generally frozen from December to late March, after which occur about two months of maximum flow. The largest lakes are Narach, Asvyeyskaye, and Drysvyaty....
  • Naroden Zgovor (Bulgarian political organization)
    ...where in 1910 he became professor of economics. Originally a social democrat, he had by 1922 moved considerably to the right politically, becoming in that year leader of the conservative group National Concord (Naroden Zgovor), which conspired to overthrow the radical peasant dictatorship of Aleksandŭr Stamboliyski....
  • Narodna Odbrana (Serbian political group)
    The National Defense (Narodna Odbrana) was formed in Serbia in 1908 to carry on pro-Serbian and anti-Austrian agitation across the border. Its nonviolent methods were deemed insufficient by others, who in 1911 formed the secret society Union or Death (Ujedinjenje ili Smrt), also known as the Black Hand, led by the head of Serbian military intelligence, Colonel......
  • Narodnaya, Gora (mountain, Russia)
    (“People’s Mountain”), peak of the Nether-Polar section of the Ural Mountains in west-central Russia. Rising to 6,217 feet (1,895 m), it is the highest mountain in the Urals range. Several small glaciers are found on the slopes of Narodnaya and nearby mountains. Coniferous forests lie on the lower slopes of the mountain, giving way fairly quickly to tundra higher up. The gentl...
  • Narodnaya, Mount (mountain, Russia)
    (“People’s Mountain”), peak of the Nether-Polar section of the Ural Mountains in west-central Russia. Rising to 6,217 feet (1,895 m), it is the highest mountain in the Urals range. Several small glaciers are found on the slopes of Narodnaya and nearby mountains. Coniferous forests lie on the lower slopes of the mountain, giving way fairly quickly to tundra higher up. The gentl...
  • Narodnaya Rasprava (Russian revolutionary group)
    In September 1869 Nechayev returned to Moscow, where he founded a small secret revolutionary group, the People’s Retribution (Russian: Narodnaya Rasprava), also called the Society of the Axe, based on the principles of the Catechism and requiring its members to submit unquestioningly to the will of the leader. When I.I. Ivanov, a student member of the group, protested Nechayev’s meth...
  • Narodnaya Volya (Russian revolutionary organization)
    19th-century Russian revolutionary organization that regarded terrorist activities as the best means of forcing political reform and overthrowing the tsarist autocracy....
  • Národní shromáždění (Czech history)
    ...Beneš refused to sanction it and resigned (he died three months later). Under a new electoral law and with a single list of candidates, a general election was held on May 30, and the new National Assembly elected Gottwald president. His friend Antonín Zápotocký succeeded him as premier, while the Communist Party itself was headed by Rudolf Slánský.......
  • narodnichestvo (Russian history)
    ...liberalization of the tsarist regime. Because Russia was a predominantly agricultural country, the peasants represented the majority of the people (narod): hence the name of the movement, narodnichestvo, or “populism.”...
  • Narodnik (Russian social movement)
    member of a 19th-century socialist movement in Russia who believed that political propaganda among the peasantry would lead to the awakening of the masses and, through their influence, to the liberalization of the tsarist regime. Because Russia was a predominantly agricultural country, the peasants represented the majority of the people (narod): hence the name of the movement, narodniche...
  • Narodno Sobraniye (Bulgarian government)
    In July 1991 the National Assembly adopted a new constitution establishing a parliamentary government and guaranteeing direct presidential elections, separation of powers, and freedom of speech, press, conscience, and religion. New laws allowed for the return of the properties that had been confiscated by the previous communist governments. Other laws aimed at meeting EU standards were passed,......
  • narodnost (Russian history)
    doctrine or national principle, the meaning of which has changed over the course of Russian literary criticism. Originally denoting simply literary fidelity to Russia’s distinct cultural heritage, narodnost, in the hands of radical critics such as Nikolay Dobrolyubov, came to be the measure of an author’s social responsibility, both in portraying the aspirat...
  • Narodny Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del (Soviet agency)
    Soviet secret police agency, a forerunner of the KGB....
  • Narodnyye russkiye skazki (work by Afanasev)
    Afanasev is best remembered for his Narodnyye russkiye skazki (“Russian Popular Fairy Tales”), compiled between 1855 and 1864 and including over 600 tales. His Narodnyye russkiye legendy (“Russian Popular Legends”) was banned by the government censor until 1914, and his Lyubimyye Skazki (“Beloved Fairy Tales”) collection, which include...
  • Narodowy Bank Polski (bank, Poland)
    During the communist era, all financial institutions were owned by the state beginning in 1944–45 and formed an integral part of centralized economic planning after 1949. The National Bank of Poland (Narodowy Bank Polski) acted as the main agent of the government’s financial policy, managing everything from the currency and money supply to wages and prices, credit, investment, and th...
  • Naropa (Indian yogi)
    The Bka’-brgyud-pa school developed from the teachings of the Indian master Tilopa, who transmitted them to the Indian yogi Naropa, the master of Mar-pa, the 11th-century householder-teacher, who was in turn the master of Mi-la-ras-pa (1040–1123). The school preserved a collection of songs attributed to the founder and a hagiographic account of his life. Sgam-po-pa (1079–1153)...
  • Naropa University (university, Boulder, Colorado, United States)
    ...National Register of Historic Places. Boulder remains a highly desirable location, with a thriving economy fueled by the development of high-technology manufacturing industries. Boulder is home to Naropa University (1974), a unique school that combines contemplative studies with traditional Western areas of scholarship, and also has a branch of Front Range Community College (founded in 1968 as....
  • Narottama (king of Cambodia)
    king of Cambodia (1860–1904) who, under duress, placed his country under the control of the French in 1863....
  • narra (tree)
    any of several timber trees of the genus Pterocarpus of the pea family (Fabaceae or Leguminosae). The name refers especially to P. indicus, or India padauk, or the hard wood, noted for its ability to take a high polish, that is derived from the trees. Narra wood is used for cabinetwork; it is usually red or rose colour, often variegated with yellow, and is hard and...
  • Narrabri (New South Wales, Australia)
    town, northeastern New South Wales, Australia. It lies along Narrabri Creek (tributary of the Namoi River), just west of the Nandewar Range. Surveyed in 1859 and declared a municipality in 1883, it derives its name from an Aboriginal word meaning “big creek” and “forked sticks.” On the Newell Highway, with regular air and rail service to Sydney (264 m...
  • Narraganset (people)
    Algonquian-speaking North American Indian tribe that originally occupied most of what is now the U.S. state of Rhode Island west of Narragansett Bay. They had eight divisions, each with a territorial chief who was in turn subject to a head chief. Their subsistence depended on the cultivation of corn (maize), hunting, and fishing....
  • Narragansett (Rhode Island, United States)
    town (township), southeastern Washington county, southern Rhode Island, U.S., at the entrance to Narragansett Bay. The Pettaquamscutt River (north) and Point Judith Pond (south) form the western boundary of the town, which includes the village of Narragansett Pier and the fishing villages of Galilee and Jerusalem. Near Galilee is Point Judith Lighthouse (1816)...
  • Narragansett (people)
    Algonquian-speaking North American Indian tribe that originally occupied most of what is now the U.S. state of Rhode Island west of Narragansett Bay. They had eight divisions, each with a territorial chief who was in turn subject to a head chief. Their subsistence depended on the cultivation of corn (maize), hunting, and fishing....
  • Narragansett Bay (bay, Rhode Island, United States)
    inlet of the North Atlantic, extending northward (from Rhode Island Sound) for 28 mi (45 km) into Rhode Island, U.S., almost dividing the state into two parts. The bay is 3 to 12 mi wide and receives the Taunton, Providence, and Sakonnet rivers. It includes Rhode, Prudence, and Conanicut islands and Mt. Hope Bay (a northeastern arm), which is crossed by one of New England’s longest bridges...
  • Narragansett country (county, Rhode Island, United States)
    county, southwestern Rhode Island, U.S. It is bordered by Connecticut to the west, Narragansett Bay to the east, and Block Island Sound to the south and includes Block Island south of the mainland. The Pawcatuck River flows through the western portion of the county and defines the southwestern border with Connecticut....
  • Narragansett Machinery Co. (American company)
    ...were of irregular shape with occasional obstructions such as pillars, stairways, or offices that interfered with play. In 1903 it was ruled that all boundary lines must be straight. In 1893 the Narragansett Machinery Co. of Providence, Rhode Island, marketed a hoop of iron with a hammock style of basket. Originally a ladder, then a pole, and finally a chain fastened to the bottom of the net......
  • Narragansett pacer (horse)
    The American pacer descended a different path from that of the trotter. Pacer heritage fuses the blood of the Narragansett pacer, a saddle horse that disappeared by 1850, and the Canuck of French Canada. The trotter began in the East, but the great growth of the pacer was in the Midwest and South, primarily in Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Before the pacer attained popularity late in......
  • Narrandera (New South Wales, Australia)
    town, south-central New South Wales, Australia, on the Murrumbidgee River. Settled in 1863 as a livestock station, it was proclaimed a town in 1880 and given an Aboriginal name meaning “place of lizards.” Gazetted a borough in 1885, it was merged with Yanco Shire in 1960. Lying within the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Areas, it serves, with the nearby towns of Leeton and...
  • Narratio de maculis in sole observatis et apparente earum cum sole conversione (work by Fabricius)
    Dutch astronomer who may have been the first observer of sunspots (1610/1611) and was the first to publish information on such observations. He did so in his Narratio de maculis in sole observatis et apparente earum cum sole conversione (1611; “Account of Spots Observed on the Sun and of Their Apparent Rotation with the Sun”). The son of the astronomer David Fabricius,......
  • Narratio prima (work by Copernicus)
    ...nine years recommended by the Roman poet Horace but for 36 years, four times that period.) And, when a description of the main elements of the heliocentric hypothesis was first published, in the Narratio prima (1540 and 1541, “First Narration”), it was not under Copernicus’s own name but under that of the 25-year-old Georg Rheticus. Rheticus, a Lutheran from the Univ...
  • narration (speech)
    ...during production is meant merely to serve as a guide track, and nearly all sound is added during postproduction. One last form of speech recorded separately from photography is narration or commentary. Although images may be edited to fit the commentary, as in a documentary using primarily archival footage, most narration is added as a separate track and mixed like sound effects and......
  • narrative (art)
    ...dialogue recorded during production is meant merely to serve as a guide track, and nearly all sound is added during postproduction. One last form of speech recorded separately from photography is narration or commentary. Although images may be edited to fit the commentary, as in a documentary using primarily archival footage, most narration is added as a separate track and mixed like sound......
  • Narrative of a Child Analysis (work by Klein)
    ...clarify and extend her ideas on infant and childhood anxiety, presenting her views in a number of papers and a book, Envy and Gratitude (1957). Her final work, published posthumously in 1961, Narrative of a Child Analysis, was based on detailed notes taken during 1941....
  • Narrative of a Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea (work by Franklin)
    ...west to Fraser Canyon (The Letters and Journals of Simon Fraser, 1806–1808, 1960). Captain John Franklin’s published account of a British naval expedition to the Arctic, Narrative of a Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea (1823), and his mysterious disappearance during a subsequent journey reemerged in the 20th century in the writing of authors Margaret...
  • Narrative of an Expedition to the Zambesi and Its Tributaries (work by Livingstone)
    Back in Britain in the summer of 1864, Livingstone, with his brother Charles, wrote his second book, Narrative of an Expedition to the Zambesi and Its Tributaries (1865). Livingstone was advised at this time to have a surgical operation for the hemorrhoids that had troubled him since his first great African journey. He refused; and it is probable that severe bleeding......
  • Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, The (work by Poe)
    Perhaps the first description of a liquid crystal occurred in the story The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, by Edgar Allan Poe:I am at a loss to give a distinct idea of the nature of this liquid, and cannot do so without many words. Although it flowed with rapidity in all declivities where common water would do so, yet never, except when falling in a cascade, had it the......
  • Narrative of My Captivity in Japan 1811–1813 (work by Golovnin)
    ...the Cape of Good Hope and arrived in Kamchatka in 1809. In 1811, while attempting to survey one of the Kuril Islands, he was taken prisoner by the Japanese and spent two years in captivity. His Narrative of My Captivity in Japan 1811–1813 (1816) stimulated an interest in Japan throughout the United States and Europe. In 1817, again by government order, Golovnin set out to......
  • Narrative of Sojourner Truth, The (work by Truth)
    ...the state. In 1850 she traveled throughout the Midwest, where her reputation for personal magnetism preceded her and drew heavy crowds. She supported herself by selling copies of her book, The Narrative of Sojourner Truth, which she had dictated to Olive Gilbert....
  • Narrative of the Adventures and Sufferings of John R. Jewitt, A (work by Jewitt)
    ...the Shores of the Polar Sea (1823), and his mysterious disappearance during a subsequent journey reemerged in the 20th century in the writing of authors Margaret Atwood and Rudy Wiebe. A Narrative of the Adventures and Sufferings of John R. Jewitt (1815) is a captivity narrative that describes Jewitt’s experience as a prisoner of the Nootka (Nuu-chah-nulth) chie...
  • Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition (work by Chesney)
    ...British government took no steps to implement his plan. His report of the expedition was published in The Expedition for the Survey of the Rivers Euphrates and Tigris, 2 vol. (1850), and Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition (1868)....
  • Narrative of the Expedition to Botany Bay (work by Tench)
    ...in the British army (1778), Tench shipped out for Australia nine years later as a captain lieutenant of marines, arriving in Botany Bay on Jan. 20, 1788. A year later he published in London A Narrative of the Expedition to Botany Bay, in which he described his voyage and life in the settlement. An immediate popular success, the book went into three editions and was translated into......
  • “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave” (work by Douglass)
    ...indifferent white Northern readership. From 1830 to the end of the slavery era, the fugitive slave narrative dominated the literary landscape of antebellum black America. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself (1845) gained the most attention, establishing Frederick Douglass as the leading African American man of......
  • “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, Written by HImself” (work by Douglass)
    ...indifferent white Northern readership. From 1830 to the end of the slavery era, the fugitive slave narrative dominated the literary landscape of antebellum black America. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself (1845) gained the most attention, establishing Frederick Douglass as the leading African American man of......
  • Narrative of the Mutiny (book by Bligh)
    ...it was a fatal choice for his public reputation, as he was not in England for the trial and execution of the mutineers, and accusations about his command went unanswered. In his Narrative of the Mutiny, published a few months after his return to England, Bligh argued that the hedonistic delights of the South Seas were the cause of the mutiny. Christian’s brother....
  • Narrative of the War with China in 1860 (work by Wolseley)
    ...Wolseley became at 25 the youngest lieutenant colonel in the British army. As a staff officer under Sir James Hope Grant, he sailed to China in 1860. His planning and deeds are described in his Narrative of the War with China in 1860 (1862)....
  • narratology (literary theory)
    in literary theory, the study of narrative structure. Narratology looks at what narratives have in common and what makes one different from another....
  • narrator (literature)
    one who tells a story. In a work of fiction the narrator determines the story’s point of view. If the narrator is a full participant in the story’s action, the narrative is said to be in the first person. A story told by a narrator who is not a character in the story is a third-person narrative. ...
  • “Narrenschiff, Das” (work by Brant)
    poet who won contemporary fame chiefly for his adaptation of a popular German satire, Das Narrenschiff, by Sebastian Brant, which he called The Shyp of Folys of the Worlde (first printed 1509)....
  • Narrogin (Western Australia, Australia)
    town, southwestern Western Australia. It developed in the 1880s, when the Great Southern Railway came through the site, and a hotel was erected at the trackside. The settlement grew around the hotel and became a town in 1895. Its name derives from the Aboriginal term gnargajin, meaning “water hole.” Situated on the Great Southern Highway and near Albany High...
  • Narrow Path: An African Childhood, The (work by Selormey)
    Ghanaian writer and teacher whose semiautobiographical novel, The Narrow Path: An African Childhood (1966), was hailed as a distinguished addition to African literature....
  • Narrow Road to the Deep North, The (work by Bashō)
    ...are prized not only for the haiku that record various sights along the way but also for the equally beautiful prose passages that furnish the backgrounds. Oku no hosomichi (1694; The Narrow Road to the Deep North), describing his visit to northern Japan, is one of the loveliest works of Japanese literature....
  • narrow vowel (linguistics)
    ...articulation are “wide” and “narrow,” “tense” ( fortis) and “lax” (lenis). Wide and narrow refer to the tongue-root position. To form a narrow vowel, the tongue root is retracted toward the pharyngeal wall, and the pharynx is narrowed. To form a wide vowel, the tongue root is advanced so that the pharynx is expanded. Tense an...
  • narrow-billed tody (bird)
    ...broad-billed todies may be found on the islands of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Hispaniola (some systems of classification group them in a single species, Todus subulatus). The fifth, the narrow-billed tody (T. angustirostris), is found only on Hispaniola. About 9 to 12 cm (3.5 to 5 inches) long, all have grass-green backs and bright red bibs. They dig tiny nest burrows in......
  • narrow-leaf cattail (plant)
    ...as wicks in open oil lamps and for tallow candles (rushlights). J. effusus, called soft rush, is used to make the tatami mats of Japan. The bulrush, also called reed mace and cattail, is Typha angustifolia, belonging to the family Typhaceae; its stems and leaves are used in North India for ropes, mats, and baskets. The horsetail genus (Equisetum) is called scouring rush,......
  • narrow-mouthed toad (amphibian)
    any amphibian of the family Microhylidae, which includes 10 subfamilies and more than 60 genera and more than 300 species. Narrow-mouthed toads are found in North and South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. Many are small, stocky, and smooth skinned with short legs, small heads, pointed snouts, and narrow mouths. They live on land, underground, or in trees and are generally secretive in natur...
  • narrowband AMPS (communications)
    ...cellular industry responded with several proposals for increasing capacity without requiring additional spectrum allocations. One analog FM approach, proposed by Motorola in 1991, was known as narrowband AMPS, or NAMPS. In NAMPS systems each existing 30-kilohertz voice channel is split into three 10-kilohertz channels. Thus, in place of the 832 channels available in AMPS systems, the NAMPS......
  • narrowband videophone system
    ...being designed for transmission over standard telephone lines, operate at very low bit rates. In 1990 the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) adopted standards for “narrowband” videophone systems (operating in the range of 56 kilobits per second to 2 megabits per second) for transmission over multiple ISDN B channels. These systems would support......
  • Narrows, The (work by Petry)
    ...woman to receive widespread acclaim. Country Place (1947) depicts the disillusionment and corruption among a group of white people in a small town in Connecticut. Her third novel, The Narrows (1953), is the story of Link Williams, a Dartmouth-educated black man who tends bar in the black section of Monmouth, Conn., and of his tragic love affair with a rich white woman.......
  • Narrows, The (Ontario, Canada)
    city, Simcoe county, southeastern Ontario, Canada, 60 miles (100 km) north of Toronto, between Lakes Couchiching and Simcoe. The name, probably derived from the Spanish orilla (“border,” “shore,” or “bank”), was suggested by Sir Peregrine Maitland, lieutenant governor of Upper Canada (1818–28), who had se...
  • Narryer, Mount (mountain, Western Australia, Australia)
    ...Compston and his research group at the Australian National University with the aid of an ion microprobe. Compston and his associates found that a water-laid clastic sedimentary quartzite from Mount Narryer in western Australia contained detrital zircon grains that were 4.18 billion years old. In 1986 they further discovered that one zircon in a conglomerate only 60 kilometres away was......
  • Narsai (Nestorian teacher and poet)
    intellectual centre of East Syrian Christianity (the Nestorian Church) from the 5th to the 7th century. The School of Nisibis (now Nusaybin, Tur.) originated soon after 471, when Narsai, a renowned teacher and administrator at the School of Edessa, and his companions were forced to leave Edessa (modern Urfa, Tur.) because of theological disputes. Under Narsai’s directorship (471–496)...
  • Narseh (king of Sāsānian empire)
    king of the Sāsānian Empire whose reign (293–302) saw the beginning of 40 years of peace with Rome....
  • Narses (Syrian theologian)
    Another eminent Edessene writer was Narses (d. c. 503), who became one of the formative theologians of the Nestorian Church. He was the author of extensive commentaries, now lost, and of metrical homilies, dialogue songs, and liturgical hymns. In 447, when a Monophysite reaction set in, he was expelled from Edessa along with Barsumas, the head of the school, but they promptly set......
  • Narses (Byzantine general)
    Byzantine general under Emperor Justinian I; his greatest achievement was the conquest of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy for Byzantium....
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