-
One Way to Heaven (novel by Cullen)
...Copper Sun (1927), The Ballad of the Brown Girl (1928), and The Medea and Some Poems (1935). His novel One Way to Heaven (1932) depicts life in Harlem....
-
One Writer’s Beginnings (work by Welty)
One Writer’s Beginnings, an autobiographical work, was published in 1984. Originating in a series of three lectures given at Harvard, it beautifully evoked what Welty styled her “sheltered life” in Jackson and how her early fiction grew out of it....
-
one-a-cat (game)
outdoor game dating back at least to the 17th century and introduced to North America and elsewhere by English colonists. The game was widely popular in 19th-century Great Britain and in early 20th-century North America....
-
one-armed bandit (gambling device)
gambling device operated by dropping one or more coins or tokens into a slot and pulling a handle or pushing a button to activate one to three or more reels marked into horizontal segments by varying symbols. The machine pays off by dropping into a cup or trough from two to all the coins in the machine, depending on how and how many of the symbols line up when the rotating reels come to rest. Symb...
-
one-bowl method (cookery)
...and fat are creamed together, the egg added, and a mixture of flour, salt, and baking powder mixed in alternately with the liquid, beginning and ending with dry ingredients. In the quick, dump, or one-bowl method, all the ingredients except the leavening agent are put into a bowl and mixed vigorously (preferably with a power mixer), the leavening agent added, and mixing completed. As a......
-
one-compartment standard (nautical science)
...is determined by IMO standards that are based on the size and type of ship. At a minimum, ships that must have a high probability of surviving a collision (e.g., passenger ships) are built to the “one-compartment” standard, meaning that at least one compartment bounded by watertight bulkheads must be floodable without sinking the ship. A two-compartment standard is common for......
-
one-day international (cricket)
One-day internationals—answering the complaint that Test matches went on too long—began in 1972. In 1975 the first World Cup was contested in England in a series of one-day matches of 60 overs a side. The event was a great success and continued at four-year intervals. It was held outside England, in India and Pakistan, for the first time in 1987. For a list of winners, see the...
-
one-design class boat
...built. Thus, a rating rule came into being, which resulted in the International Rule, adopted in 1906 and revised in 1919. Today, one of the fastest growing areas in the field of sailing is that of one-design class boats. All boats in a one-design class are built to the same specifications in length, beam, sail area, and other elements (for an example of a two-person sailboat, see......
-
one-dimensional array (computing)
A major area of study in computer science has been the storage of data for efficient search and retrieval. The main memory of a computer is linear, consisting of a sequence of memory cells that are numbered 0, 1, 2,… in order. Similarly, the simplest data structure is the one-dimensional, or linear, array, in which array elements are numbered with consecutive integers and array contents......
-
One-Dimensional Criticism (work by Rose)
...New Criterion, remained the one major convinced Greenbergian. American critic Barbara Rose, who rose to prominence in the 1960s for her formalist criticism—in One-Dimensional Criticism (1966) she wrote that she thought it “was developed in order to place art criticism on a less impressionistic, more abstract plane of......
-
One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society (work by Marcuse)
In his best-known and most influential work, One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society (1964), Marcuse argued that the modern “affluent” society represses even those who are successful within it, while maintaining their complacency through the ersatz satisfactions of consumer culture. By cultivating such shallow forms of experience and.....
-
one-dimensional motion (physics)
According to Newton’s first law (also known as the principle of inertia), a body with no net force acting on it will either remain at rest or continue to move with uniform speed in a straight line, according to its initial condition of motion. In fact, in classical Newtonian mechanics, there is no important distinction between rest and uniform motion in a straight line; they may be regarded...
-
one-directional change (society)
This type of change continues more or less in the same direction. Such change is usually cumulative and implies growth or increase, such as that of population density, the size of organizations, or the level of production. The direction of the change could, however, be one of decrease or a combination of growth and decrease. An example of this last process is what American cultural......
-
one-horned rhinoceros (genus)
The most notable animal of the swamps in Assam is the one-horned rhinoceros, which has become extinct in other parts of the world; Kaziranga National Park provides a refuge for the rhinoceros and for other wildlife in the valley, including elephants, tigers, leopards, wild buffalo, and deer. Numerous varieties of fish include the betki, pabda, ruhi, chital, and mrigal....
-
one-horse shay (carriage)
open two-wheeled vehicle that was the American adaptation of the French chaise. Its chairlike body, seating the passengers on one seat above the axle, was hung by leather braces from a pair of square wooden springs attached to the shafts....
-
one-key cryptosystem (cryptology)
Since the late 1970s, two types of encryption have emerged. Conventional symmetric encryption requires the same key for both encryption and decryption. A common symmetric encryption system is the Data Encryption Standard (DES), an extremely complex algorithm approved as a standard by the U.S. National Bureau of Standards. Asymmetric encryption, or public-key cryptography, requires a pair of......
-
one-parent family
Since the 1970s, one-parent families have acquired an importance not adequately reflected in traditional law. It may be necessary to adapt the law to a greater extent to the needs of one-parent families in areas such as the organization of family and child-welfare services and the legal and administrative machinery for family support, employment assistance, day nurseries, and the like. The head......
-
one-phase chromatography (chemistry)
...faster inner streams would enhance migration. The net effect would yield differential migration. A thermal gradient between two walls has also been used. This recently developed technique is called field-flow fractionation. It has been termed one-phase chromatography because there is no stationary phase. Its main applications are to polymers and particulate matter. The method has been used to.....
-
one-place predicate (logic)
Being an even number is a property that some individuals can have. Expressions that attribute a property to an individual are (monadic) predicates. It is customary to express simple predicates by uppercase letters placed before the individual term. Thus if E is used for the predicate “is an even number,” the expression Ex is intended to represent “x...
-
one-ply yarn (textiles)
Single, or one-ply, yarns are single strands composed of fibres held together by at least a small amount of twist; or of filaments grouped together either with or without twist; or of narrow strips of material; or of single man-made filaments extruded in sufficient thickness for use alone as yarn (monofilaments). Single yarns of the spun type, composed of many short fibres, require twist to......
-
one-point perspective (art)
...and planes to converge to infinitely distant vanishing points as they recede in space from the viewer. Parallel lines in spatial recession will appear to converge on a single vanishing point, called one-point perspective. Perceptual space and volume may be simulated on the picture plane by variations on this basic principle, differing according to the number and location of the vanishing points...
-
one-pot prepolymer (polymer)
Polyurethanes form some of the highest-performance coatings available. A variety of formulations is marketed. One type is a one-component (one-pot) prepolymer containing excess isocyanate groups. Upon application of the liquid to a surface, these groups react with water from the atmosphere to form a urea, which further reacts with other isocyanate groups to provide the cross-linking necessary......
-
one-ring circus
Continental European and British circuses generally retained the one-ring format in the mid- to late 19th century; their programs were often of the highest calibre, and their tents may have seated as many as 5,000 spectators. In order to maintain the one-ring design while expanding the area beneath the tent, the European tent was designed with the four centre poles forming a square instead of a......
-
one-shot system (industrial engineering)
The third type of production system is the project, or “one-shot” system. For a single, one-of-a-kind product, for example, a building, a ship, or the prototype of a product such as an airplane or a large computer, resources are brought together only once. Because of the singular nature of project systems, special methods of management have been developed to contain the costs of......
-
one-step (dance)
...side, close step), and quarter turns. Couples usually hold each other in the traditional ballroom position, but numerous variations are done in other positions. Fox-trots for fast music include the one-step (one walking step to each musical beat) popularized by Irene and Vernon Castle shortly after the dance’s inception and the peabody (with a quick leg cross). ...
-
one-to-one correspondence (mathematics)
...to discover unexpected properties of sets. For example, he could show that the set of all algebraic numbers, and a fortiori the set of all rational numbers, is countable in the sense that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the integers and the members of each of these sets by means of which for any member of the set of algebraic numbers (or rationals), no matter how large, there is......
-
one-wall handball (sport)
...object is to cause the ball to rebound with variations of power or speed and at such an angle that the opposition cannot return it. There are three versions of handball: four-wall, three-wall, and one-wall. Each may be played by two (singles) or four (doubles)....
-
one-way disk plow (agriculture)
...or more individually mounted concave disks that are inclined backward to achieve maximum depth. They are particularly adapted for use in hard, dry soils, shrubby or bushy land, or on rocky land. Disk tillers, also called harrow plows or one-way disk plows, usually consist of a gang of many disks mounted on one axle (see harrow). Used after grain harvest, they usually leave some stubble t...
-
one-way system (road traffic control)
Special regulations are important for the efficient movement of traffic in specific segments of a street and road system. For instance, one-way streets in congested urban areas may provide safer driving conditions and increase the traffic-carrying capacity of the system. The provision of special turn arrows in traffic signals or the prohibition of turns at intersections contribute to safety,......
-
O’Neal, Rose (American Confederate spy)
Confederate spy whose social position and shrewd judgment cloaked her espionage for the South during the American Civil War....
-
O’Neal, Shaquille (American basketball player)
American basketball player, named in 1996 to the National Basketball Association (NBA) list of its 50 greatest players of all time....
-
O’Neal, Shaquille Rashaun (American basketball player)
American basketball player, named in 1996 to the National Basketball Association (NBA) list of its 50 greatest players of all time....
-
O’Neal, Tatum (American child actress)
Other Nominees...
-
O’Neale, Margaret (American socialite)
woman whose marriage in 1829 to a prominent Democratic politician caused the famous “cabinet crisis” of U.S. President Andrew Jackson (in which Jackson dismissed his entire cabinet) and led eventually to the succession of Martin Van Buren as head of the party....
-
Oneg Shabbat (Judaism)
(Hebrew: “Joy of Sabbath”), informal Sabbath (or Friday evening) gathering of Jews in a synagogue or private home to express outwardly the happiness inherent in the Sabbath holiday. Now more social than religious, the group entertains itself with music, drama, community discussions, lectures, or the singing of religious melodies—all in keeping with the biblical injunction, ...
-
Onega Inlet (inlet, Russia)
...Hollow with its sharply formed sides that apparently originated as a fault. In the southern portion is an elevation known as the Solovets Islands. Many small underwater elevations are found in the Onega Inlet. Sandy underwater ridges, created by inflowing currents, prevail in the Gorlo Strait, Voronka, and the Mezen mouth. The sea’s chief hollow is separated from the Barents Sea by a sil...
-
Onega, Lake (lake, Russia)
second largest lake in Europe, situated in the northwest part of the European portion of Russia, between Lake Ladoga and the White Sea. It covers an area of 3,753 square miles (9,720 square km). It is 154 miles (248 km) long; its greatest width is 50 miles (80 km); and its greatest depth is about 380 feet (116 m)....
-
Oneglia (Italy)
...to prepare the ground for French intervention in the peninsula. The best-known émigré, the Tuscan nobleman Filippo Buonarroti, served as national commissioner in the Ligurian town of Oneglia, captured by French armies in 1794. Oneglia became the location for the first revolutionary experiment on Italian soil when Buonarroti introduced a republican constitution and the cult of the....
-
Oneida (county, New York, United States)
county, central New York state, U.S., bounded to the west by Oneida Lake and Creek and to the east by West Canada Creek and Hinckley Reservoir. It largely consists of a plateau region that becomes hillier in the south and rises to the western edge of the Adirondack Mountains in the northeast. The principal drainage is by the Mohawk River, wh...
-
Oneida (New York, United States)
city, Madison county, central New York, U.S. It lies on Oneida Creek, 6 miles (10 km) southeast of Oneida Lake and 26 miles (42 km) east of Syracuse. Founded in 1834 by Sands Higinbotham and named for the Oneida people who had inhabited the area, it developed as a depot and supply point for the Utica and Syracuse (later New York Cen...
-
Oneida (people)
Iroquoian-speaking North American Indian tribe living, at the time of European contact, in what is now central New York state, U.S. They are one of the original five nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. Like the other Iroquois tribes, the Oneida were semisedentary and practiced corn (maize) agriculture. Longhouses sheltered families related through maternal de...
-
Oneida (Texas, United States)
city, seat (1887) of Potter county (and partly in Randall county), on the high plains of northern Texas, U.S. The chief city of the Texas Panhandle, Amarillo is located on a sandy playa, or dry lake bed, and the tawny colour of its soil lends the city its name (Spanish: Yellow)....
-
Oneida Alliance (United States history)
Congregational minister to the Iroquois Confederacy and negotiator of the Oneida Alliance with the colonists during the American Revolution (1775–83)....
-
Oneida Community (utopian religious community)
utopian religious community that developed out of a Society of Inquiry established by John Humphrey Noyes and some of his disciples in Putney, Vt., U.S., in 1841. As new recruits arrived, the society turned into a socialized community....
-
O’Neil, Buck (American baseball player)
American baseball player (b. Nov. 13, 1911, Carrabelle, Fla.—d. Oct. 6, 2006, Kansas City, Mo.), starred as a player and manager in the Negro Leagues. He debuted as a first baseman for the Kansas City Monarchs in 1938 and twice led the Negro American League in batting average. He was the team’s manager from 1948 to 1955. In 1956 he was hired as a scout for the Chicago Cubs and helped...
-
O’Neil, John Jordan, Jr. (American baseball player)
American baseball player (b. Nov. 13, 1911, Carrabelle, Fla.—d. Oct. 6, 2006, Kansas City, Mo.), starred as a player and manager in the Negro Leagues. He debuted as a first baseman for the Kansas City Monarchs in 1938 and twice led the Negro American League in batting average. He was the team’s manager from 1948 to 1955. In 1956 he was hired as a scout for the Chicago Cubs and helped...
-
O’Neill, Arturo (Spanish colonial governor)
...and encroaching settlers, McGillivray put out feelers for Spanish support and suggested a council at Pensacola, West Florida. There, on June 1, 1784, he and governors Esteban Miró and Arturo O’Neill signed a treaty headed “Articles of Agreement, Trade, and Peace.” Spain would extend a protectorate over the Creeks within Spanish territorial limits and would supply an....
-
O’Neill, Brian (Irish king)
...England was disposed to come to terms with Shane, who after his father’s death was de facto chief of the O’Neill clan. She recognized his claims to the chieftainship, thus throwing over a kinsman, Brian O’Neill. Shane, however, refused to put himself in the power of Sussex without a guarantee for his safety; and his claims were so exacting that Elizabeth determined to resto...
-
O’Neill, Daniel (Irish soldier)
Irish supporter of Charles I and Charles II during the English Civil Wars....
-
O’Neill, Eugene (American dramatist)
foremost American dramatist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1936. His masterpiece, Long Day’s Journey into Night (produced posthumously 1956), is at the apex of a long string of great plays, including Beyond the Horizon (1920), Anna Christie (1922), Strange Interlude (1928), Ah! Wilderness (1933), and The Iceman Cometh (1946)....
-
O’Neill, Eugene Gladstone (American dramatist)
foremost American dramatist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1936. His masterpiece, Long Day’s Journey into Night (produced posthumously 1956), is at the apex of a long string of great plays, including Beyond the Horizon (1920), Anna Christie (1922), Strange Interlude (1928), Ah! Wilderness (1933), and The Iceman Cometh (1946)....
-
O’Neill family (Irish Medieval dynasty)
The first of these rebellions, that of Shane O’Neill, fully exposed the weakness and later the folly of the government. O’Neill’s father, Conn the Lame (Conn Bacach), who as the “O’Neill” was head of a whole network of clans, had been made earl of Tyrone in 1541, and the succession rights of his illegitimate son Feardorchadh (Matthew) were recognized. Shan...
-
O’Neill, Gerard K. (American physicist)
American physicist who invented the colliding-beam storage ring and was a leading advocate of space colonization....
-
O’Neill, Gerard Kitchen (American physicist)
American physicist who invented the colliding-beam storage ring and was a leading advocate of space colonization....
-
O’Neill, Hugh (Irish commander)
Irish general, nephew of the celebrated Owen Roe O’Neill. He was a major Irish commander against the forces of Oliver Cromwell....
-
O’Neill, Hugh, 2nd Earl of Tyrone (Irish rebel)
Irish rebel who, from 1595 to 1603, led an unsuccessful Roman Catholic uprising against English rule in Ireland. The defeat of O’Neill and the conquest of his province of Ulster was the final step in the subjugation of Ireland by the English....
-
O’Neill, James (American actor)
Irish-born American actor, now chiefly remembered for his most famous role, the Count of Monte Cristo, and as the father of playwright Eugene O’Neill....
-
O’Neill, John (United States military leader)
Irish-born military leader of the American branch of the Fenians, an Irish nationalist secret society....
-
O’Neill, Norm (Australian cricketer)
Australian cricketer who was heralded as the new Don Bradman for his brilliant stroke making, but he failed to fully live up to the high expectations that he raised. He was perhaps best known for his score of 181 runs in the famous tied Test against West Indies in December 1960; it was the top score of that 1960–61 Test series and ultimately the highest of O’Neill’s Test caree...
-
O’Neill, Norman Clifford (Australian cricketer)
Australian cricketer who was heralded as the new Don Bradman for his brilliant stroke making, but he failed to fully live up to the high expectations that he raised. He was perhaps best known for his score of 181 runs in the famous tied Test against West Indies in December 1960; it was the top score of that 1960–61 Test series and ultimately the highest of O’Neill’s Test caree...
-
O’Neill, Owen Roe (Irish rebel commander)
Irish rebel commander during a major Roman Catholic revolt (1641–52) against English rule in Ireland. His victory at Benburb, Ulster, on June 5, 1646, was one of the few significant rebel triumphs of the war....
-
O’Neill Rebellion (Irish history)
The first of these rebellions, that of Shane O’Neill, fully exposed the weakness and later the folly of the government. O’Neill’s father, Conn the Lame (Conn Bacach), who as the “O’Neill” was head of a whole network of clans, had been made earl of Tyrone in 1541, and the succession rights of his illegitimate son Feardorchadh (Matthew) were recognized. Shan...
-
O’Neill, Rose Cecil (American illustrator and writer)
American illustrator, writer, and businesswoman remembered largely for her creation and highly successful marketing of Kewpie characters and Kewpie dolls....
-
O’Neill, Shane (Irish patriot)
Irish patriot, among the most famous of all the O’Neills....
-
O’Neill, Sir Phelim (Irish rebel)
Irish Roman Catholic rebel who initiated a major revolt (1641–52) against English rule in Ireland....
-
O’Neill, Thomas Philip, Jr. (American politician)
("TIP"), U.S. politician (b. Dec. 19, 1912, Cambridge, Mass.--d. Jan. 5, 1994, Boston, Mass.), was a dyed-in-the-wool liberal Democrat who exerted considerable political clout as a longtime representative (1953-87) from Massachusetts and as the longest-serving (1977-86) speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. O’Neill, whose career spanned the era from New Deal liberalism to Ronald Rea...
-
O’Neill, Tip (American politician)
("TIP"), U.S. politician (b. Dec. 19, 1912, Cambridge, Mass.--d. Jan. 5, 1994, Boston, Mass.), was a dyed-in-the-wool liberal Democrat who exerted considerable political clout as a longtime representative (1953-87) from Massachusetts and as the longest-serving (1977-86) speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. O’Neill, whose career spanned the era from New Deal liberalism to Ronald Rea...
-
O’Neill, Turlough Luineach, Earl of Clanconnell (Irish noble)
chief of Tyrone, successor to his cousin Shane O’Neill....
-
Oneirocritica (work by Artemidorus)
soothsayer whose Oneirocritica (“Interpretation of Dreams”) affords valuable insight into ancient superstitions, myths, and religious rites. Mainly a compilation of the writings of earlier authors, the work’s first three books consider dreams and divination generally; a reply to critics and an appendix make up the fourth book. He was reputed to have written books on......
-
oneiromancy (occult practice)
prophetic divination from dreams, considered a divine act in most ancient cultures and surviving to modern times in certain folk traditions. Oneiromancy is based on the belief that dreams are messages sent to the soul by gods or the dead, most often as warnings. In the highly developed oneiromancy of ancient Greece, Egypt, and Babylonia, the class of diviners or seers responsible for dream interp...
-
Onement I (work by Newman)
Newman evolved a style of mystical abstraction in the 1940s and achieved a breakthrough with the canvas “Onement I” (1948), in which a single stripe of orange vertically bisects a field of dark red. This austerely geometric style became his trademark. His paintings, many of which are quite large, typically consist of grand, empty fields of saturated colour inflected with one or more....
-
Oneonta (New York, United States)
city, Otsego county, east-central New York, U.S. It lies in the Catskill foothills, on the Susquehanna River, within the town (township) of Oneonta, some 80 miles (129 km) southwest of Albany....
-
Oneota culture (anthropology)
Major cultural expressions from this region included those of the Adena, Hopewell, Oneota, and Old Copper culture peoples; their art was extensive, making great use of sculptured stone pipes, polished ornaments of both stone and copper, and incised shell decorations....
-
Onesimus (Christian slave)
brief New Testament letter written by Paul the Apostle to a wealthy Christian of Colossae, Asia Minor, on behalf of Onesimus, Philemon’s former slave. Paul, writing from prison, expresses affection for the newly converted Onesimus and asks that he be received in the same spirit that would mark Paul’s own arrival, even though Onesimus may be guilty of previous failings. While passing ...
-
Onesimus (African slave)
...in England in 1721–22 by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu; it has long been known by the Turks, Chinese, and other peoples. In America, Cotton Mather learned of its use in Africa from his slave, Onesimus, who himself had been inoculated. Its use spread in America after 1721, and in 1728 it was introduced into South America. Variolation continued to be opposed by some religious groups and......
-
Oneşti (Romania)
city, Bacău judeţ (county), eastern Romania. The city was developed as a planned new town, begun in 1953 on the site of a 15th-century settlement. It was originally named for the communist leader Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej and was renamed Oneşti in the early 1990s. It developed as a consequence of the oil, chemical, and industrial complexes in the Trotuş River valley...
-
Onetti, Juan Carlos (Uruguayan writer)
Uruguayan novelist and short-story writer whose existential works chronicle the decay of modern urban life. The protagonists of his novels lead unhappy, isolated lives in an absurd and sordid world from which they can escape only through memories, fantasies, or death....
-
Oneyoteaka (people)
Iroquoian-speaking North American Indian tribe living, at the time of European contact, in what is now central New York state, U.S. They are one of the original five nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. Like the other Iroquois tribes, the Oneida were semisedentary and practiced corn (maize) agriculture. Longhouses sheltered families related through maternal de...
-
Onezhskoe Ozero (lake, Russia)
second largest lake in Europe, situated in the northwest part of the European portion of Russia, between Lake Ladoga and the White Sea. It covers an area of 3,753 square miles (9,720 square km). It is 154 miles (248 km) long; its greatest width is 50 miles (80 km); and its greatest depth is about 380 feet (116 m)....
-
Onezhskoye Ozero (lake, Russia)
second largest lake in Europe, situated in the northwest part of the European portion of Russia, between Lake Ladoga and the White Sea. It covers an area of 3,753 square miles (9,720 square km). It is 154 miles (248 km) long; its greatest width is 50 miles (80 km); and its greatest depth is about 380 feet (116 m)....
-
Ong Bun (king of Vientiane)
king of the Lao principality of Vientiane during whose reign Laos came to be dominated by Siam (Thailand)....
-
Ong Lo (king of Lan Xang)
ruler (1700?–35) of the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang which, during his reign, was divided into two rival kingdoms at Vientiane and Luang Prabang....
-
Onganía, Juan Carlos (president of Argentina)
Argentine general and politician (b. March 17, 1914, Buenos Aires, Arg.--d. June 8, 1995, Buenos Aires), served (1966-70) as president of Argentina during a period of harsh repression and authorized (1966) riot police to storm the University of Buenos Aires and forcibly eject students and professors in what became known as the Night of the Long Truncheons. Onganía, who graduated from the Na...
-
Onge (people)
...positioned and collectively known as Great Andaman). Also prominent is Little Andaman, to the south. Of the still-extant original inhabitants—including the Sentinalese, the Jarawa, the Onge, and a group of peoples collectively known as the Great Andamese—only the first three retain a traditional hunting-and-gathering way of life....
-
Ongeloof en Revolutie (work by Groen van Prinsterer)
...1862–65), his significance rests on his published works. His handbook of Dutch history (1846) gives his views on the providential genesis of the Protestant Dutch republic and kingdom. In Ongeloof en Revolutie (1847; “Unbelief and Revolution”), he identified disbelief in religion with the spirit of the French Revolution....
-
oni (Japanese mythology)
in Japanese folklore, a type of demonic creature often of giant size, great strength, and fearful appearance. They are generally considered to be foreign in origin, perhaps introduced into Japan from China along with Buddhism. Cruel and malicious, they can, nevertheless, be converted to Buddhism. Though oni have been depicted in various ways in Japanese legend and art, sometimes also as wo...
-
Oni pa’ a movement (Hawaiian political movement)
As head of the Oni pa’a (“Stand Firm”) movement, whose motto was “Hawaii for the Hawaiians,” Liliuokalani fought bitterly against annexation of the islands by the United States. Annexation nonetheless occurred in July 1898. In that year she published Hawaii’s Story by Hawaii’s Queen a...
-
Oniad family (Jewish history)
During the Hellenistic period the priests were both the wealthiest class and the strongest political group among the Jews of Jerusalem. The wealthiest of the priests were the members of the Oniad family, who held the hereditary office of high priest until they were replaced by the Hasmoneans; the Temple that they supervised also functioned as a bank, where the wealth of the Temple was stored......
-
Onias IV (Jewish high priest)
The fact that the temple at Leontopolis in Egypt was established (c. 145 bce) by a deposed high priest, Onias IV, clearly indicates that it was heterodox; as merely the temple of a military colony, it never really offered a challenge to the Temple in Jerusalem. It is significant that the Palestinian rabbis ruled that a sacrifice intended for the temple of Onias might be offere...
-
Onim (island, Nigeria)
...replaced Lagos as the state capital, and Abuja replaced Lagos as the federal capital. Lagos, however, remained the unofficial seat of many government agencies. The city’s population is centred on Lagos Island, in Lagos Lagoon, on the Bight of Benin in the Gulf of Guinea. Lagos is Nigeria’s largest city and one of the largest in sub-Saharan Africa....
-
Ōnin War (Japanese history)
(1467–77), civil war in the central Kyōto region of Japan, that began in the Ōnin period (1467–68) and was a prelude to a prolonged period of domestic strife (1490–1590). It led to the end of the manorial system and hastened the rise of the great territorial magnates, or daimyo....
-
onion (plant)
(species Allium cepa), herbaceous biennial plant and its edible bulb. The onion is probably native to southwestern Asia but is now grown throughout the world, chiefly in the temperate zones. The plant belongs to the lily family, Liliaceae, most members of which have an underground storage system, such as a bulb or tuber. Other members of this family include such ornamental plants as the tu...
-
onion couch (plant)
...which has been introduced into various countries as a pasture grass, grows wild in many areas and is considered a weed, especially A. elatius variety bulbosum, commonly called onion couch for its bulblike basal stems. Most of the more than 100 species of the genus Danthonia are native to temperate regions of the Southern Hemisphere. They are important forage grasses......
-
onion maggot (insect)
...cauliflower, broccoli, radishes, and turnips. It was introduced from Europe early in the second half of the 19th century. The most effective control is treatment of the soil with insecticides. The onion maggot (H. antiqua), found in North America, injures onions by feeding on the underground bulb and stem. The adult is a bristly, gray fly about 6 or 7 mm (0.2 to 0.3 inch) long with......
-
Onions, George Oliver (British author)
novelist and short-story writer whose first work to attract attention was The Story of Louie (1913), the last part of a trilogy later published as Whom God Has Sundered, in which he achieved a successful combination of poetry and realism. Of his other novels, the greatest success was perhaps The Story of Ragged Robyn (1945), a tale of 17th-century England. His Poor Man...
-
Onions, Oliver (British author)
novelist and short-story writer whose first work to attract attention was The Story of Louie (1913), the last part of a trilogy later published as Whom God Has Sundered, in which he achieved a successful combination of poetry and realism. Of his other novels, the greatest success was perhaps The Story of Ragged Robyn (1945), a tale of 17th-century England. His Poor Man...
-
Oniscus asellus (crustacean)
any of certain small, terrestrial crustaceans of the order Isopoda, especially members of the genus Oniscus. Like the related pill bug, it is sometimes called the wood louse. O. asellus, which grows to a length of 18 mm (0.7 inch), is widely distributed in Europe and has also been introduced into North America. The oval, gray body, which is rather flattened and arched, is covered......
-
Onitsha (Nigeria)
port and market town in Anambra State, southern Nigeria. The town lies on the east bank of the Niger River just south of its confluence with the Anambra River. Founded by adventurers from Benin (nearby, to the west) in the early 17th century, it grew to become the political and trading centre of the small Igbo (Ibo) kingdom of Onitsha. Its monarchical system (rare among the Igbo...
-
Onitsha (work by Le Clézio)
Le Clézio’s works also include essays, criticism, children’s literature, and memoirs. His later works include Onitsha (1991), a semiautobiographical tale influenced by his childhood year in Nigeria, and Ballaciner (2007), a memoir of the artist as a moviegoer....
-
Onitsha market literature (Nigerian literature)
20th-century genre of sentimental, moralistic novellas and pamphlets produced by a semiliterate school of writers (students, fledgling journalists, and taxi drivers) and sold at the bustling Onitsha market in eastern Nigeria. Among the most prolific of the writers were Felix N. Stephen, Speedy Eric, Thomas O. Iguh, and O. Olisah, the latter two having also written chapbook plays about prominent l...
We welcome your comments. Any revisions or updates suggested for this article will be reviewed by our editorial staff. Contact us here.
Regular users of Britannica may notice that this comments feature is less robust than in the past. This is only temporary, while we make the transition to a dramatically new and richer site. The functionality of the system will be restored soon.